IDWeek 2013: Adult Infectious Diseases

The completion rate of a 12-dose, 3-month isoniazid/rifapentine (3HP) regimen in this study (83.7%) is comparable to its completion rate in Study 26 (82.1%), and is significantly higher than the average 55.0% completion rate for the 9-month isoniazid regimen that was reported in Arkansas for the past 5 years, according to results presented at IDWeek 2013.

Pyrazinamide is safe in elderly patients >80 years old not experiencing malnourishment, low-grade ADL, and previously elevated liver enzymes, as presented by Ryutaro Tanizaki, MD, from the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan at IDWeek 2013.

Fidaxomicin was highly effective in patients with cancer treated for the first episode of C. difficile infection (CDI) after failure of standard therapy and in patients with recurrent CDI, results of a study presented at IDWeek 2013.

Distribution patterns of species was similar in hospital-associated (HA) and community-associated (CA) intra-abdominal infections (IAI), according to study results presented at IDWeek 2013.

Once-daily oral combination of daclatasvir (DCV) + sofosbuvir (SOF) with or without ribavirin (RBV) achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) in chronic HCV GT1 infected patients with prior telaprevir (TVR) or boceprevir (BOC) + peginterferon/ribavirin treatment failures.

In methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bloodstream infections (BSI), cefazolin may have similar rates of clinical cure as oxacillin, including treatment of high-burden infections, according to IDWeek 2013.

A systematic review of 30 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed the 5-nitroimidazoles demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of giardiasis, a study concluded at IDWeek 2013.

Similar achievement of >20% reduction of lesion size was noted in patients treated with oritavancin and vancomycin for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections at Hours 48 and 72, a study at IDWeek 2013 has found.

Resistance patterns for antibiotics used against Gram-negative bacteria over the past 12 years are linked to initial double-coverage of suspected Gram-negative species, a study reported at IDWeek 2013.