IDWeek 2012: Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Three months of the once-weekly rifapentine + isoniazid 12-dose regimen administered under directly observed therapy offers “substantial advantages” over the standard 9-month regimen, according to reports from IDWeek 2012.

Adding infliximab to standard intravenous immunoglobulin to reduce inflammation in acute Kawasaki disease is safe in children, even those younger than 1 year, according to a phase 3 randomized trial presented at IDWeek 2012.

David A. Kaufman, MD, from the University of Virginia, presented study findings at IDWeek 2012 that showed targeted prophylaxis of fluconazole in infants <1,000g or ≤27 weeks using a 3mg/kg twice-weekly dose with a different antifungal used for treatment is effective in preventing invasive Candida infections.

For children with Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis, the presence of venous thromboembolism is associated with a higher C-reactive protein at admission, longer hospital stay, and ICU admission, according to Kavita Patel, MD, from Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, at IDWeek 2012.

Pranita Tamma, MD, MHS, from The Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, reported on colistin use in children at IDWeek 2012.

School-aged children diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the outpatient setting are less likely to fail treatment when treated with macrolide monotherapy, study investigators reported at IDWeek 2012.

Use of intranasal mupirocin as a strategy to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is limited by a 50% recolonization rate in some high-risk neonates, reported Sara M. Wittig, MPH, CIC, from Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, at IDWeek 2012.

At IDWeek 2012, researchers presented that the addition of azithromycin to ceftriaxone therapy for children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was not associated with differences in length of stay.