Table 1 – Categories and Prognoses of Infantile Spasms1,2,3
| Type of IS | Description | Prognosis | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Symptomatic |
• Identifiable cause can be determined • Developmental delays present before onset of spasms • 70–80% of IS cases |
• Increased likelihood for cognitive and development delays as well as neurological deficits • 12.5% of patients considered to have “good” outcome |
||||||||||||
|
Cryptogenic |
• No identifiable cause • Normal development before onset of spasms • 20–30% of IS cases |
• Better overall prognosis compared to symptomatic patients • Better developmental outcomes seen when patient is treated with hormonal therapy versus vigabatrin • 54.3% of patients considered to have “normal” or “near-normal” outcomes |
Figure 1 – Suggested Treatment Algorithm for Infantile Spasms
