Symphytum officinale L. (comfrey)
- Comfrey extract ointment may possibly be better than placebo ointment for short-term improvements in pain as assessed by visual analogue scale in acute LBP (low quality evidence)
Solidago chilensis (Brazilian arnica)
- Brazilian arnica-containing gel applied twice daily may improve pain and lumbar flexibility as compared to placebo gel in patients with lumbago (low quality evidence)
Lavender
- Lavender essential oil applied by acupressure may reduce pain perception and improve lateral spine flexion and walking time in acute LBP (very low quality evidence)