All participants, regardless of age, sex, or country of origin, expressed consistently positive responses, stating that the content was understandable and relevant. They recommended some culture-specific wording changes. It was also decided to revise the PDA from seventh/eight grade reading level to third/fourth grade level.
The researchers concluded that their initiative “supports the importance of developing culturally sensitive tools for Hispanic/Latinos with poorly controlled T2DM, as disparities exist.”11
Conclusion
The English version PDA “is evidence-based and the content is consistent with current recommendations and clinical guidelines.”5 While the Spanish version is still undergoing further study with a wider Hispanic/Latino audience, it has shown enough promise to already be available for clinician use. Both PDA versions are available at DiabetesDecisionAid.com.
Image courtesy of DiabetesDecisionAid.com.
References
- Institute of Medicine (IOM). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2001.
- US Department of Health and Human Services. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). List of CAHPS Measures. Available at: https://cahps.ahrq.gov/consumer-reporting/measures/index.html. Accessed: June 17, 2015.
- American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2015;38(Suppl. 1):S1–S80.
- Garber AJ, Abrahamson MJ, Barzilay JI, et al. AACE/ACE comprehensive diabetes management algorithm 2015. Endocr Pract. 2015;21(4):438-447.
- Shillington AC, Col N, Bailey RA, Jewell MA. Development of a patient decision aid for type 2 diabetes mellitus for patients not achieving glycemic control on metformin alone. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2015;9:609-617.
- Elwyn G, O’Connor A, Stacey D, et al. Developing a quality criteria framework for patient decision aids: online international Delphi consensus process. BMJ. 2006;333(7565):417.
- Elwyn G, O’Connor AM, Bennett C, et al. Assessing the quality of decision support technologies using the International Patient Decision Aid Standards instrument (IPDASi). PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4705.
- Joseph-Williams N, Newcombe R, Politi M, et al. Toward minimum standards for certifying patient decision aids: a modified Delphi Consensus Process. Med Decis Making. 2013;34(6):699-710.
- Dominguez K, Penman-Aguilar A, Chang MH, et al. Vital signs: leading causes of death, prevalence of diseases and risk factors, and use of health services among Hispanics in the United States – 2009-2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(17):469-478.
- Camarota SA. Immigrants in the United States. 2010: A Profile of America’s Foreign-Born Population. Washington DC: USA: Center for Immigration Studies, 2012.
- Davidson JA, Rosales A, Shillington AC, et al. Improving access to shared decision-making for Hispanics/Latinos with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2015;9:619-625.