Metronidazole Injection Generic Name & Formulations
Legal Class
General Description
Pharmacological Class
See Also
How Supplied
Manufacturer
Mechanism of Action
Metronidazole Injection Indications
Indications
Metronidazole Injection Dosage and Administration
Adult
Children
Renal Impairment
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
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Decreased renal function does not change the single-dose pharmacokinetics for metronidazole.
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Subjects with ESRD had no significant change in pharmacokinetics, but had higher Cmax of metabolites compared with healthy subjects.
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Monitor for metronidazole associated adverse events in ESRD patients.
Effect of Dialysis
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A hemodialysis session lasting for 4–8 hours removed 40–65% of the administered metronidazole dose. Consider supplementing metronidazole dose after hemodialysis if metronidazole cannot be separated from the dialysis session.
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A peritoneal dialysis session lasting for 7.5 hours removed ~10% of the administered metronidazole dose.
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No dose adjustment is needed in ESRD patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
Hepatic Impairment
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Severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C): reduce metronidazole dose by 50%.
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No dose adjustment needed for mild to moderate hepatic impairment, but monitor for metronidazole associated adverse events.
Metronidazole Injection Contraindications
Contraindications
Metronidazole Injection Boxed Warnings
Not Applicable
Metronidazole Injection Warnings/Precautions
Warnings/Precautions
Metronidazole Injection Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
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Disposition of metronidazole in the body is similar for both oral and intravenous dosage forms.
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In patients treated with intravenous metronidazole, using a dosage regimen of 15 mg/kg loading dose followed 6 hours later by 7.5 mg/kg every 6 hours, the average peak steady-state plasma concentrations (Cmax) and trough concentrations (Cmin) were 25 mcg/mL and 18 mcg/mL, respectively.
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Plasma concentrations of metronidazole are proportional to the administered dose. An eight-hour intravenous infusion of 100 mg to 4,000 mg of metronidazole in normal subjects showed a linear relationship between dose and peak plasma concentration.
Distribution
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<20% is bound to plasma proteins.
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Distributed in CSF, saliva, and breast milk at concentrations similar to those found in plasma.
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Following a single intravenous dose of metronidazole 500 mg, 4 healthy subjects who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy had peak gastric juice metronidazole concentrations of 5 to 6 mcg/mL at one hour post-dose.
Elimination
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Renal (60% to 80% of the dose), fecal (6% to 15%).
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Half-life: 8 hours.
Metronidazole Injection Interactions
Interactions
Metronidazole Injection Adverse Reactions
Adverse Reactions
Metronidazole Injection Clinical Trials
See Literature
Metronidazole Injection Note
Not Applicable