Kazano

— THERAPEUTIC CATEGORIES —
  • Diabetes

Kazano Generic Name & Formulations

General Description

Alogliptin, metformin (as HCl); 12.5mg/500mg, 12.5mg/1000mg; tabs.

Pharmacological Class

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor + biguanide.

How Supplied

Tabs—60, 180, 500

Generic Availability

NO

Kazano Indications

Indications

Adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Limitations of Use

Not for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Kazano Dosage and Administration

Adult

Individualize. Swallow whole. Take twice daily with food; increase dose gradually to reduce GI effects. Max 25mg alogliptin/2000mg metformin per day. Renal impairment (eGFR 30–59mL/min/1.73m2): not recommended.

Children

Not established.

Kazano Contraindications

Contraindications

Severe renal impairment (eGFR <30mL/min/1.73m2). Metabolic acidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis.

Kazano Boxed Warnings

Not Applicable

Kazano Warnings/Precautions

Warnings/Precautions

Increased risk of metformin-associated lactic acidosis in renal or hepatic impairment, concomitant use of certain drugs (eg, cationic drugs), ≥65yrs of age, undergoing radiological contrast study, surgery and other procedures, hypoxic states, and excessive alcohol intake; discontinue if lactic acidosis occurs. Discontinue at time of, or prior to intravascular iodinated contrast imaging in patients with eGFR 30–60mL/min/1.73m2, history of hepatic impairment, alcoholism, hypoxemia, or will be given intra-arterial contrast; reevaluate eGFR 48hrs after procedure and restart therapy if renally stable. Suspend therapy if dehydration occurs or before surgery. Avoid if clinical or lab evidence of hepatic disease. Consider risks/benefits in patients with known risk factors for heart failure; monitor for signs/symptoms; evaluate and consider discontinuing if develops. Assess renal function prior to initiation and periodically thereafter; more frequently in elderly. Discontinue if pancreatitis, serious hypersensitivity reactions, severe joint pain, or bullous pemphigoid is suspected or occurs. History of angioedema to other DPP-4 inhibitors. Elderly, debilitated, uncompensated strenuous exercise, malnourished or deficient caloric intake, adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, or alcohol intoxication: increased risk of hypoglycemia. Measure hematologic parameters annually and serum Vit. B12 at 2–3 year intervals. Premenopausal women with anovulatory: ovulation may occur. Pregnancy. Nursing mothers.

Kazano Pharmacokinetics

See Literature

Kazano Interactions

Interactions

Cationic drugs eliminated by renal tubular secretion (eg, amiloride, digoxin, morphine, procainamide, quinine, quinidine, ranitidine, triamterene, trimethoprim, vancomycin), cimetidine: may increase metformin levels. Avoid excessive alcohol intake (potentiates effects of metformin on lactate). Caution with concomitant topiramate, or other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (eg, zonisamide, acetazolamide, dichlorphenamide); may induce metabolic acidosis. Diuretics, steroids, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenothiazines, phenytoin, thyroid products, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blockers, isoniazid may cause hyperglycemia. May need lower dose of concomitant sulfonylurea or insulin to reduce risk of hypoglycemia. β-blockers may mask hypoglycemia.

Kazano Adverse Reactions

Adverse Reactions

Upper respiratory tract infection, nasopharyngitis, diarrhea, hypertension, headache, back pain, UTI; pancreatitis, heart failure, hypersensitivity reactions, hepatic failure, severe and disabling arthralgia; rare: lactic acidosis (may be fatal).

Kazano Clinical Trials

See Literature

Kazano Note

Not Applicable

Kazano Patient Counseling

See Literature

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