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Fentanyl Citrate Injection Generic Name & Formulations
Legal Class
CII
General Description
Fentanyl citrate 50mcg/mL; soln for IV or IM inj.
Pharmacological Class
Opioid agonist.
How Supplied
Contact supplier.
Manufacturer
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Indications
Indications
Short-term analgesia during anesthetic periods, premedication, induction and maintenance; and in the immediate postoperative periods as need arises. Analgesic supplement in general or regional anesthesia. Concomitantly with neuroleptic as an anesthetic premedication, for anesthesia induction and as an adjunct in the maintenance of general and regional anesthesia. As an anesthetic in combination with oxygen in selected high risk patients (eg, undergoing open heart surgery, complicated neurological or orthopedic procedures).
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Dosage and Administration
Adult
Should be administered only by trained persons in IV anesthetics and management of respiratory effects in an adequate facility. Have an opioid antagonist and other resuscitative measures available. Individualize. Premedication: 50–100mcg (1–2mL) by IM inj 30–60 mins prior to surgery. Adjunct to general anesthesia (low dose): 2mcg/kg; (moderate dose): 2–20mcg/kg; (high dose): 20–50mcg/kg; see full labeling. Adjunct to regional anesthesia: 50–100mcg (1–2mL) by IM inj or slow IV (over 1–2 mins), when needed. Post-op: 50–100mcg (1–2mL) by IM inj, may repeat in 1–2 hrs as needed. General anesthetic: 50–100mcg/kg (1–2mL/kg), may administer with oxygen and a muscle relaxant; in certain cases (eg, open heart surgery, complicated neurological or orthopedic procedures), doses up to 150mcg/kg (3mL/kg) may be needed. Elderly, debilitated: reduce dose. Concomitant use or discontinuation of CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers: monitor closely and consider dose adjustments (see full labeling).
Children
<2yrs: not established. 2–12yrs (induction and maintenance): 2–3mcg/kg. Concomitant use or discontinuation of CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers: monitor closely and consider dose adjustments (see full labeling).
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Contraindications
Not Applicable
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Boxed Warnings
Boxed Warning
Addiction, abuse, and misuse. Life-threatening respiratory depression. Cytochrome P450 3A4 interaction. Risks from concomitant use with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants.
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Warnings/Precautions
Warnings/Precautions
Abuse potential (monitor). Life-threatening respiratory depression; monitor during initiation or following a dose increase. Sleep-related breathing disorders (including central sleep apnea (CSA), sleep-related hypoxemia); consider dose reduction if CSA develops. COPD, cor pulmonale, decreased respiratory reserve, hypoxia, hypercapnia, or pre-existing respiratory depression; monitor closely. Adrenal insufficiency. Head injury. Increased intracranial pressure, brain tumors; monitor. Seizure disorders. CNS depression. Shock; monitor for hypotension after initiation or dose titrations. Biliary tract disease. Acute pancreatitis. Hypertension. Bradyarrhythmias. Drug abusers. Renal or hepatic impairment. Monitor vital signs routinely. Elderly. Cachectic. Debilitated. Pregnancy; potential neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome during prolonged use. Labor & delivery: not recommended. Nursing mothers: monitor infants.
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Pharmacokinetics
See Literature
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Interactions
Interactions
Increased risk of hypotension, respiratory depression, sedation with benzodiazepines or other CNS depressants (eg, non-benzodiazepine sedatives/hypnotics, anxiolytics, general anesthetics, phenothiazines, tranquilizers, muscle relaxants, antipsychotics, alcohol, other opioids); reserve concomitant use in those for whom alternative options are inadequate; limit dosages/durations to minimum required; monitor. During or within 14 days of MAOIs: not recommended. Risk of serotonin syndrome with serotonergic drugs (eg, SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, triptans, 5-HT3 antagonists, mirtazapine, trazodone, tramadol, cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone, MAOIs, linezolid, IV methylene blue); monitor and discontinue if suspected. Avoid concomitant mixed agonist/antagonist opioids (eg, butorphanol, nalbuphine, pentazocine) or partial agonist (eg, buprenorphine); may reduce effects and/or precipitate withdrawal symptoms. Potentiated by CYP3A4 inhibitors (eg, macrolides, azole antifungals, protease inhibitors, grapefruit juice). Antagonized by CYP3A4 inducers (eg, rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin). May antagonize diuretics; monitor. Paralytic ileus may occur with anticholinergics. Hypertension with concomitant neuroleptics during anesthesia combination use; monitor ECG. Cardiovascular depression with nitrous oxide and high-dose fentanyl.
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Adverse Reactions
Adverse Reactions
Respiratory depression, apnea, skeletal muscle rigidity, bradycardia (may be severe); severe hypotension, syncope.
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Clinical Trials
See Literature
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Note
Not Applicable
Fentanyl Citrate Injection Patient Counseling
See Literature
