Generic Name and Formulations:
Sodium nitroprusside 25mg/mL; soln for IV infusion after dilution.
Company:
Hospira
To produce controlled hypotension to reduce surgical bleeding.
Use infusion pump only. Monitor BP closely. Initially 0.3microgram/kg/min; may increase infusion rate every few minutes until desired effect; max 10microgram/kg/min and no more than 10 minutes. Titrate infusion rate (see literature).
Vasodilator.
Compensatory hypertension due to aortic coarctation or arteriovenous shunting. Inadequate cerebral circulation or moribund patients requiring emergency surgery. Congenital (Lebers) optic atrophy. Tobacco amblyopia. Acute CHF associated with reduced peripheral vascular resistance.
Use only when available equipment and personnel allow BP to be continuously monitored. Cyanide toxicity possible (esp. at infusion rates >2micrograms/kg/min); monitor acid-base disturbances and venous oxygen concentration. Elevated intracranial pressure. Correct pre-existing anemia and hypovolemia, esp. during anesthesia. Poor surigical risk. Hepatic impairment. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers: not recommended.
Hypotensive effect potentiated by ganglionic blocking agents, negative inotropic agents, and inhaled anesthetics.
Excessive hypotension, cyanide toxicity, methemoglobinemia, abdominal pain, apprehension, diaphoresis, dizziness, headache, muscle twitch, nausea, palpitations, restlessness, rash, hypothyroidism, ileus, flushing, infusion site reactions.
Single-dose vials (2mL)—100
Acute CHF.
Use infusion pump only. Monitor BP closely. Initially 0.3microgram/kg/min; may increase infusion rate every few minutes until desired effect; max 10microgram/kg/min and no more than 10 minutes. Titrate infusion rate (see literature).
Vasodilator.
Compensatory hypertension due to aortic coarctation or arteriovenous shunting. Inadequate cerebral circulation or moribund patients requiring emergency surgery. Congenital (Lebers) optic atrophy. Tobacco amblyopia. Acute CHF associated with reduced peripheral vascular resistance.
Use only when available equipment and personnel allow BP to be continuously monitored. Cyanide toxicity possible (esp. at infusion rates >2micrograms/kg/min); monitor acid-base disturbances and venous oxygen concentration. Elevated intracranial pressure. Correct pre-existing anemia and hypovolemia, esp. during anesthesia. Poor surigical risk. Hepatic impairment. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers: not recommended.
Hypotensive effect potentiated by ganglionic blocking agents, negative inotropic agents, and inhaled anesthetics.
Excessive hypotension, cyanide toxicity, methemoglobinemia, abdominal pain, apprehension, diaphoresis, dizziness, headache, muscle twitch, nausea, palpitations, restlessness, rash, hypothyroidism, ileus, flushing, infusion site reactions.
Single-dose vials (2mL)—100
Immediate reduction of blood pressure during hypertensive crises.
Use infusion pump only. Monitor BP closely. Initially 0.3microgram/kg/min; may increase infusion rate every few minutes until desired effect; max 10microgram/kg/min and no more than 10 minutes. Titrate infusion rate (see literature).
Vasodilator.
Compensatory hypertension due to aortic coarctation or arteriovenous shunting. Inadequate cerebral circulation or moribund patients requiring emergency surgery. Congenital (Lebers) optic atrophy. Tobacco amblyopia. Acute CHF associated with reduced peripheral vascular resistance.
Use only when available equipment and personnel allow BP to be continuously monitored. Cyanide toxicity possible (esp. at infusion rates >2micrograms/kg/min); monitor acid-base disturbances and venous oxygen concentration. Elevated intracranial pressure. Correct pre-existing anemia and hypovolemia, esp. during anesthesia. Poor surigical risk. Hepatic impairment. Elderly. Pregnancy (Cat.C). Nursing mothers: not recommended.
Hypotensive effect potentiated by ganglionic blocking agents, negative inotropic agents, and inhaled anesthetics.
Excessive hypotension, cyanide toxicity, methemoglobinemia, abdominal pain, apprehension, diaphoresis, dizziness, headache, muscle twitch, nausea, palpitations, restlessness, rash, hypothyroidism, ileus, flushing, infusion site reactions.
Single-dose vials (2mL)—100